木质素季铵盐表面活性剂的合成

Study on the Synthesis of Lignin Quaternary Ammonium Salt Surfactant

关键词:  木质素  中间体  季铵盐  表面活性剂

Key Words:lignin  intermediate  lignin quaternary ammonium salt  surfactant

摘要:利用环氧氯丙烷与三甲胺盐酸盐在碱性条件下反应，生成环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵中间体。根据环氧值和转化率确定了制备中间体的最佳工艺条件：n(环氧氯丙烷)∶n(三甲胺盐酸盐)＝1.0∶1.2，反应时间3 h，反应温度50℃。以该条件下制备的中间体与木质素反应，合成木质素季铵盐表面活性剂，确定其最佳工艺条件：m(中间体)∶m(木质素)＝1∶2，反应时间6 h，反应温度72℃。通过红外光谱分析及黏度和表面张力的测定，表明合成的木质素季铵盐表面活性剂样品黏度大，表面张力小，表面活性明显提高。

Abstract:The epoxy propyl chloride intermediates was prepared through the reaction of epichlorohydrin and trimethylamine hydrochloride in basic conditions, the optimum process conditions of preparing intermediates were chosen in accordance with epoxy value and elect conversion rate of intermediate. Lignin quaternary ammonium salt surfactant (LQASS) was synthesized under the optimum conditions, in which the surface tension and viscosity of LQASS were lower, the structure of LQASS was investigated by using infrared spectra.