改性麻浆制备PM2.5口罩滤纸的研究

Preparation of Filter Paper Used for Masks (PM2.5) from Modified Sisal Pulp

关键词:  麻浆  改性  PM2.5  口罩  滤纸

Key Words:sisal fibers  modification  PM2.5  masks  filter paper

摘要:以（剑）麻浆为原料，采用NaOH-尿素-硫脲溶液体系对其进行改性，再利用超声波对其进行协同打浆处理，使纤维发生润胀、氢键破坏、结构松弛，产生分丝和微纤化，并用其抄造精细滤纸，达到PM2.5口罩滤材的过滤性能。采用正交实验的方法，探讨试剂质量分数、改性温度、改性时间、超声波处理时间等因素对纤维改性效果的影响；通过改性前后麻浆纤维形态变化及所抄造滤纸性能等的对比分析，并参照3M公司9502型PM2.5口罩的各项性能检测数据综合评价改性效果。结果表明，在试剂质量分数24%、改性温度-6℃、改性时间20 min、超声波处理时间60 min的最佳改性条件下，改性麻浆纤维形态发生明显变化，抄造的滤纸透气度为313.12 L/(m²·s)，平均孔径32.43 μm，最大孔径36.95 μm，松厚度5.26 cm³/g，滤纸过滤性能达到预期目标，满足PM2.5口罩滤材的性能要求。

Abstract:In this research, the sisal pulp was chosen as the raw material and was treated in NaOH-Urea-Thiourea aqueous solution cooperating with ultrasonic treatment to prepare high-accuracy filtration materials (PM2.5). The performance requirements of the filter paper were met thought the NaOH-Urea-Thiourea treatment, a novel method for preparing sisal fibers with highly swollen, loosening, fibrillation and protecting fiber from over cutting in this research. Based on preliminary exploration experiments, the agent concentration, treatment time, treatment temperature and the treatment time of ultrasonic were chosen as key factors of the treatment. Moreover, orthogonal experiment was designed to investigate the effects of these factors on the treatment result. Simultaneously, comparing the morphology of fiber and the main parameters of the filter paper (permeability, bulk, pore size, and zero-span tensile strength) with that of the untreated filter and the filter paper prepared with untreated filters and refer to the performance of masks (PM2.5) of 3M Company to evaluate the effect of modification. These results demonstrated that the filter paper exceeded the expectant performance requirement of masks (PM2.5) filter material by using the sisal fibers treated with 24% NaOH-Urea-Thiourea aqueous solution at -6℃ for 20 min and ultrasonic process for 60 min. The permeability of the filter paper was 313.12 L/(m²·s), average pore size was 32.43 μm, maximum pore size was 36.95 μm, bulk was 5.26 cm³/g.