膨化预处理对玉米秸秆纤维形态结构及制浆性能的影响

Influence of Puffing Pretreatment on Fiber Morphology and Pulping Properties of Corn Stalk

关键词:  膨化玉米秸秆  纤维形态  硫酸盐法  制浆性能

Key Words:puffed corn stalk  fiber morphology  kraft pulping  pulping property

摘要:对普通玉米秸秆（未膨化预处理）和膨化预处理玉米秸秆的纤维形态、化学组分进行了分析对比，并对膨化预处理玉米秸秆硫酸盐法制浆性能进行了初步探究。结果表明，与未膨化预处理玉米秸秆相比，膨化预处理玉米秸秆纤维素含量（硝酸-乙醇纤维素39%）增加约20%，酸不溶木素（10%）和聚戊糖（20%）含量均有所降低，这些特性使膨化预处理玉米秸秆更容易蒸煮成浆，提高纸浆得率，减少化学品消耗。在用碱量为14%（以Na₂O计），蒸煮温度为100℃，硫化度为25%，保温时间为60 min，液比为1∶6的蒸煮工艺条件下，与未膨化预处理玉米秸秆制浆相比，膨化预处理玉米秸秆的硫酸盐法制浆细浆得率为42.3%（相对于膨化预处理玉米秸秆），提高了9.9%，高锰酸钾值为15.8，降低3.1%，而抗张指数、撕裂指数、耐破指数分别下降7.2%、9.8%、5.5%。

Abstract:The effects of puffing pretreatment on the fiber morphology， chemical composition and kraft pulping performance of corn stalk were investigated. Results showed that， compared to the corn stalk without unpuffing pretreatment， the cellulose content（nitric acid-ethanol cellulose）of the puffed corn stalk was 39%， increased 20%， while klason lignin(10%)and pentosan(20%)contents were all decreased.The above characteristics were benificial of pulping in a rather mild condition. Finally， a pulp with yield of 42.3%（based on puffed corn stalk）and KMnO4 value of 15.8 was produced under condition of alkali charge of 14%(based on Na₂O），sulfidity of 25%， cooking at a maximum temperature of 100℃ for 60 min， and solid to liquid ratio was 1∶6. Under the same cooking condition， compared with the corn straw without puffing pretreatment， the yield of pulp increased by 9.9%， the KMnO₄ value decreased by 3.1%， and the tensile index， tear index and burst index respectively decreased by 7.2% and 9.8%， 5.5%．