宣纸原料纤维分析

Analysis of Xuan Paper’s Fiber Raw Material

关键词:  宣纸  青檀皮纤维  沙田稻草纤维

Key Words:Xuan paper  pteroceltis tatarinowii bast fiber  sandy land rice straw fiber

摘要:探究了宣纸原料青檀皮纤维和沙田稻草纤维的纤维形态及热解性能，分析了其特性对宣纸性能可能存在的影响。采用X射线衍射仪、纤维分析仪、光学显微镜、环境扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪对青檀皮纤维和沙田稻草纤维进行纤维结晶度、纤维长度和宽度、纤维显微结构、纤维微观形态和纤维热解性能进行测定。结果表明，青檀皮纤维的结晶度为77.8%，沙田稻草的结晶度为60.1%；青檀皮纤维两端钝尖，整体较纤细，沙田稻草纤维较短较细，有明显横节纹；青檀皮纤维和沙田稻草纤维分别在347.8℃和344.6℃达到最大失重速度。与其他同类材料相比，青檀皮和沙田稻草中所含纤维素较高，纤细的青檀皮纤维与较短细的沙田稻草纤维交织，有利于纤维结合面积的增大。

Abstract:This paper explored the morphology and pyrolysis properties of pteroceltis tatarinowii bast fiber and sandy land rice straw fiber which are fiber materials of Xuan paper， and studied their possible impact on Xuan paper properties. X-ray diffractometer， fiber analyzer， microscope， environmental scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analyzer were used to analyze the fibers’ properties. The results showed that the crystallinity of the pteroceltis tatarinowii bast fiber was 77.8%， and the crystallinity of the rice straw was 60.1%. The pteroceltis tatarinowii bast fiber was slender with blunt ends， and the rice straw fiber was short with obvious transverse grains. Pteroceltis tatarinowii bast fiber and sandy land rice straw fiber were reached the maximum weight losting speed at 347.8℃ and 344.6℃， respectively. Compared with other similar materials， pteroceltis tatarinowii bast fiber and sandy land rice straw fiber contained higher cellulose contents. The two kinds of fibers were intertwined in papermaking process， which contributed to the increase of fiber bonding area. In some extent， the morphological， crystallinity and thermodynamic properties of two kinds of fibers determined the physical and chemical properties of Xuan paper．