木质素磺酸钠接枝共聚物的制备与抑尘性能研究

Preparation of Lignosulfonate Sodium and Sodium Acrylate Graft Copolymer and Its Dust Suppressant Performance

关键词:  木质素磺酸钠  接枝共聚  丙烯酸钠  抗风蚀性能  抑尘性能

Key Words:lignosulfonate sodium  graft copolymer  sodium acrylate  anti-wind erosin performance  dust suppression performance

摘要:采用正交实验法优化木质素磺酸钠(Ls-Na)接枝丙烯酸钠(SAA)抑尘剂的制备工艺，利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和热重分析仪对接枝共聚物(Ls-Na-SAA)进行表征，并考察了木质素磺酸钠接枝前后作为抑尘剂的性能差异。结果表明，木质素磺酸钠与丙烯酸钠成功接枝，接枝后共聚物热稳定性提高。木质素磺酸钠接枝的最优条件为：反应温度65℃、反应时间3 h、中和度60%、引发剂过硫酸钾质量分数10%。与Ls-Na相比，Ls-Na-SAA的保水性基本不变；喷洒质量分数2.5%Ls-Na-SAA时，沙样的抗压能力由37.0 kPa提高到455.6 kPa，喷洒质量分数1.5%Ls-Na-SAA时，沙样的质量损失率由25.2%降低到3.1%。接枝共聚后Ls-Na-SAA形成网状交联结构，在沙粒之间形成更多的黏结物，进而提高其抗压性及抗风蚀性能。

Abstract:An orthogonal design was applied to optimize lignosulfonate sodium(Ls-Na) grafting copolymerization with sodium acrylate(SAA). The lignosulfonate graft copolymer(Ls-Na-SAA) was characterized by FT-IR， SEM and TGA. The results showed that sodium acrylate was grafted onto the lignosulfonate sodium successfully and the graft copolymer exhibited enhanced thermal stability. Under the optimized grafting conditions(temperature 65℃， reaction time 3 h， neutralization degree 60% and initiator concentration 10%)， the performances of Ls-Na and Ls-Na-SAA as dust suppressants were analyzed and compared. The results indicated that the water retention capacity of Ls-Na-SAA was basically unchanged after the grafting， its compression strength increased from 37.0 kPa to 455.6 kPa when the mass fraction of spraying was 2.5% and the sand loss rate decreased from 25.2% to 3.1% when the mass fraction of spraying was 1.5%. After grafting copolymerization， Ls-Na-SAA formed a reticular cross linking structure and more binding layers among the sand particles. These features contributed to the improved compressive strength and anti-wind erosion performance of Ls-Na-SAA.