稻草乙醇浆纳米纤维素的性状分析

Preparation of Nanocellulase from Alcohol Straw Pulp

关键词:  稻草  乙醇法制浆  纳米纤维素

Key Words:straw  ethanol pulping  nanocellulose

摘要:以稻草为原料制备稻草乙醇浆，再采用酸水解-超声法制备稻草乙醇浆纳米纤维素，对稻草乙醇浆纳米纤维素性状进行分析。结果表明，稻草经乙醇-水溶液蒸煮及O_PDEP漂白后，漂白浆在硫酸质量分数54%、液比1︰16、60℃下水解60 min以及在硫酸质量分数56%、液比1︰18、60℃下水解60 min，然后经800 W超声处理20 min，分别制得最高得率和最高结晶度的稻草乙醇浆纳米纤维素；经X射线衍射（XRD）分析，发现稻草乙醇浆纳米纤维素是典型的纤维素Ⅰ型结晶结构；扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察其宽度约为10～30 nm，长度100～500 nm；粒径分析发现其90%以上的粒径基本分布在20～50 nm；热稳定性分析发现，样品的热降解过程为180～240℃、240～320℃、320～480℃三个主要阶段。

Abstract:Straw nanocellulose was prepared by means of acid hydrolysis-ultrasonic method using bleached alcohol straw pulp as raw material. At 54% sulfuric acid concentration, liquid ratio 1︰16, hydrolysis was carried out at 60℃ for 60 minutes, or at 56% sulfuric acid concentrated, liquid ratio 1︰18, hydrolysis was implemented at 60℃ for 60 minutes, followed by ultrasonic treatment at 800 W for 20 minutes ,the nanocellulose with the highest yield and highest crystallinity was prepared which exhibited typical cellulose I type crystal structure and had short rod structure under SEM observation. Its width was about 10~30 nm, length from 100~500 nm. Particle size analysis found that more than 90% particle radius distribution was basically in between 20 ~ 50 nm.The thermal stability analysis found that the degradation of the sample took place in three main processes of 180～240 °C, 240～320 °C, and 320～480 °C.