硅溶胶/植物纤维吸声材料的制备及其性能研究

Preparation and Characterization of Silica Sol/Plant Fiber Sound Absorbing Material by Foam Forming

关键词:  硅溶胶  植物纤维  吸声材料

Key Words:silica sol  plant fiber  sound absorbing material

摘要:本研究提出一种以硅溶胶和杉木纤维为原料、采用泡沫成形法快速制备硅溶胶/植物纤维吸声材料的方法。结果表明，采用泡沫成形可以实现高蓬松度植物纤维基吸声材料的制备。另外，硅溶胶能够显著改善硅溶胶/植物纤维吸声材料的热稳定性和强度，与未添加硅溶胶的样品相比，当硅溶胶添加量为8%时，硅溶胶/植物纤维吸声材料的密度仅为20.21 kg/m³，而弹性模量和屈服强度分别从15.4 kPa和1.6 kPa提高到了86.2 kPa和4.4 kPa；硅溶胶/植物纤维吸声材料对5000 Hz以上声波的吸声系数达到了0.65。

Abstract:This paper proposed a method for rapid preparation of sound absorbing materials using silica sol and fir fibers as raw materials by foam forming technology. The experimental results showed that the use of foam forming technology could prepare high-bulk plant fiber-based sound-absorbing materials. Silica sol could significantly improve the thermal stability and strength of materials. When the addition amount of the silica sol was 8%, the density of the material was only 20.21 kg/m³, while the elastic modulus and yield strength were respectively increased from 15.4 kPa and 1.6 kPa to 86.2 kPa and 4.4 kPa compared to that without the silica sol. At the same time, the material showed excellent sound absorption property, and the above 5000 Hz sound absorption coefficient reached 0.65.