基于纸张老化机理科学认识宣纸的耐久性

Understanding the Endurance of Xuan Paper Based on Aging Mechanism of Paper Materials

关键词:  宣纸  纸张老化  纸张耐久性  宣纸标准  无酸纸

Key Words:Xuan paper  paper aging  paper endurance  standardization of Xuan paper  acid-free paper

摘要:纸张主要由植物纤维组成，其主要成分有纤维素、半纤维素、木质素，另外还有少量的树脂、灰分等；纸张老化则是纸张的一个自然属性。作为需要永久保存的文献、档案以及艺术创作使用的纸质载体材料（包括宣纸）需要具有良好的耐久性。本文对纸张老化机理和影响纸张老化的主要因素进行了系统阐述，对无酸纸作为永久性文献和档案用纸的特点进行了分析；在此基础上，对宣纸的老化、宣纸的耐久性和宣纸的标准进行了总结，并对未来宣纸生产和宣纸标准的修改提出了初步建议。

Abstract:Aging and embrittling are the intrinsic properties of paper materials made of plant fibers. However， the paper materials （including Xuan paper） are expected to have good endurances while using as the carrier of documents， archives and artistic works to be preserved permanently. The aging mechanism of paper and main factors affecting the paper aging were reviewed and analyzed systematically， and the characteristics of acid-free paper used in the permanent literature and archival paper were summarized as well. Based on the fully understanding of the mechanism of paper aging， the factors influencing the aging were investigated. Several preliminary suggestions for the production and standardization of Xuan paper were put forward in the end， which could provide references for scientific researchers and technicians in Xuan paper mill.