季铵型瓜尔胶的制备及在纸质文献加固中的应用

Preparation of Quaternary Ammonium Guar Gum and Its Application in the Reinforcement of Paper Documents

关键词:  天然高分子  季铵型瓜尔胶  纸质文献  纸张加固

Key Words:natural polymers  quaternary ammonium guar gum  paper documents  paper reinforcement

摘要:纸质文献是人类文明的瑰宝，大量的脆弱纸质文献亟待加固保护，因此急需探究一种与纸张纤维相容性好、操作简便、加固效果显著的材料。本研究对天然高分子瓜尔胶进行季铵化改性，制得取代度为0.137的季铵型瓜尔胶，改性产物具有更好的溶解性及稳定性，并将其应用于纸质文献加固。结果表明，相比未处理厚纸，加固处理后纸张的抗张强度从2.64 kN/m提升至3.16 kN/m、耐折度从7次提升至13次、撕裂度从161.5 mN提升至193.5 mN、零距抗张强度从65.0 kN/m提升至72.8 kN/m，分别提升了19.7%、85.7%、19.8%、12.0%。老化后色差变化为1.31，且不会对纸张及字迹颜色产生负面影响，证明季铵型瓜尔胶在纸质文献的加固中具有一定的应用前景。

Abstract:Paper documents are the treasures of human civilization，and a large number of fragile paper documents need to be reinforced and protected. Therefore， it is urgent to explore a material with good compatibility with paper fibers， easy operation and significant reinforcement effect. In this study， the natural polymer guar gum was modified by quaternization to obtain quaternary ammonium guar gum with a degree of substitution of 0.137. The product had better solubility and stability， and was applied to the reinforcement of paper documents.The results showed that， compared with untreated paper， the tensile strength of the strengthened paper increased from 2.64 kN/m to 3.16 kN/m， folding times from 7 times to 13 times， tearing strength from 161.5 mN to 193.5 mN and zero distance tensile strength from 65.0 kN/m to 72.8 kN/m， increased by 19.7%， 85.7%， 19.8%， 12.0%， respectively. The chromatic aberration was 1.31 after aging， which did not negatively affect the color of paper and handwriting， demonstrating that quaternary ammonium guar gum had a certain application prospect in the reinforcement of paper documents.