具有梯度结构的超细纤维复合空气过滤材料对油-灰混合颗粒的容尘性能研究

Dust Holding Performance Against Oil-dust Mixture Particles of Composite Air Filter Material Consisting of Gradient Distributed Ultrafine Fibers

关键词:  复合空气过滤材料  梯度结构  过滤效率  DEHS-A2混合尘  容尘量  压差

Key Words:composite air filter material  gradient structure  filtration efficiency  DEHS-A2 mixture dust  dust holding capacity  pressure drop

摘要:通过湿法成形制备了超细纤维在厚度方向呈梯度分布的复合空气过滤材料，并分析了滤材对不同粒径的NaCl颗粒的过滤效率及对纯A2灰、纯癸二酸二异辛（DEHS）和不同DEHS含量的DEHS-A2灰混合尘的容尘量。结果表明，滤材最易穿透粒径为100 nm，对纯A2灰及纯DEHS的容尘量分别为92.0 g/m²和182.5 g/m²。对DEHS含量为20%的混合尘的容尘量最大，为414.7 g/m²，对DEHS含量为60%的混合尘的容尘量最低，为84.1 g/m²，远高于商业化产品熔喷纤维复合滤材的容尘量（26.5 g/m²）。对DEHS含量为20%的混合尘滤材压差增加速率最小，混合尘在滤材表面形成疏松的滤饼；对DEHS含量为80%的混合尘滤材压差增加速率最大，A2灰颗粒浸没在DEHS中，灰尘颗粒间的孔隙被完全堵塞，混合尘形成“海岛”结构的滤饼。

Abstract:The composite air filter material consisting of ultrafine fibers that gradient distributed in the thickness direction was fabricated by wet-laid method in this study. Then the filtration efficiency against sodium chloride particles with different size was studied. Moreover， the dust holding capacity （DHC） against pure A2 dust， pure DEHS mist and DEHS-A2 mixture dust was analyzed. The results showed that the most penetrating particle size of the filter material was 100 nm. In addition， the DHC against pure A2 dust and pure DEHS was 92.0 g/m² and 182.5 g/m²， respectively. The maximum DHC against mixture dust with DEHS content of 20% was 414.7 g/m². Whereas the minimum DHC against mixture dust with DEHS content of 60% was 84.1 g/m². While it was still higher than that of commercial melt-blown fibers composite filter material （26.5 g/m²）. For the mixture dust with DEHS content of 20%， the pressure drop of the filter material increased slowest with a loose filter cake formed by mixed dust on the surface of the filter material. In addition， the pressure drop increased fastest and the A2 dust was immersed in the DEHS films forming the cakes with “sea-island” structures when the DEHS content was 80%.