清代官式建筑棚壁内檐裱糊用纸初探

Study on the Pasting Ornament of the Qing Dynasty Official Architecture Inner Eaves

关键词:  裱糊用纸  热裂解气相色谱/质谱  竹纸

Key Words:pasting ornament  pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry  bamboo paper

摘要:通过对档案中裱糊用纸的整理及深入研究，基于对故宫不同建筑、不同类型裱糊用纸的剖面观察、纤维形态分析，结合热裂解气相色谱/质谱等技术的应用，确定了4种故宫建筑裱糊用纸的种类，印证了档案关于裱糊用纸的记载。结果表明，不同的工艺有不同的裱糊用纸规则，顶棚使用苎麻和桑皮纸打底、竹纸盖面，墙纸使用桑皮纸打底、竹纸盖面，硬博峰和窗户夹纸选用了明清时期造纸业中占有主导地位的竹纸作为主要材料。

Abstract:Through the arrangement and study of pasting ornament in archives， based on the section observation and fiber morphology analysis of different types of pasting ornament from different buildings in the Forbidden City， combined with the application of pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry technology， four types of pasting ornament from the Forbidden City buildings were determined， and the rules of archival record towards pasting ornament were confirmed. The results showed that different processes had different pasting ornament using rules. The ceiling was bottomed with ramie and mulberry paper and cover with bamboo paper. The paper in the wall was bottomed with mulberry paper and covered with pasting ornament. Pasting ornament was selected as the main material of the paper in the window， which played a leading role in the paper industry during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.