废纸制备聚苯胺纤维素气凝胶及其性能的研究

Study on Preparation and Properties of Polyaniline Cellulose Aerogel from Waste Paper

关键词:  纤维素  聚苯胺  气凝胶  电磁屏蔽

Key Words:cellulose  polyaniline  aerogel  electromagnetic shielding

摘要:本研究以废纸作为纤维素源（CEL）、聚苯胺（PANI）为导电性物质，基于原位聚合法原理制备了一种PANI气凝胶复合材料，最终获得了轻质（密度<0.05 g/cm³）、抗电磁干扰的气凝胶。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热重分析仪（TG）和矢量网络分析仪对气凝胶复合材料的组成、形貌、热稳定性和电磁参数进行表征，并研究了苯胺单体用量对复合材料电磁屏蔽等性能的影响。结果表明，随着苯胺单体用量的增加，气凝胶复合材料的热稳定性提高。当苯胺单体用量为30%时，气凝胶复合材料的热稳定性高；频率在8.2 GHz时，气凝胶复合材料屏蔽效能（SE）达9.5 dB以上。

Abstract:In this study， the waste paper was used as a cellulose source（CEL） and polyaniline（PANI） as a conductive material to prepare PANI aerogel composite by in-situ polymerization. The density of the aerogel was 0.05 g/cm³ and it had electromagnetic shielding properties. The composition， morphology， thermal stability， and electromagnetic parameters of the composite aerogel materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）， scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， thermogravimetric analyzer （TG）， and vector network analyzer. The effects of aniline monomer dosage on the electromagnetic shielding properties of composite aerogel were investigated. The results showed that with the increase in aniline monomer dosage， the thermal stability of the composite aerogel was increased. When the monomer dosage of aniline was 30%， the thermal stability of the aerogel was high； when the frequency was 8.2 GHz， the shielding effectiveness （SE） was more than 9.5 dB.