高分子科学视角下“以纸代塑”面临的挑战及应对策略

Challenges and Countermeasures of Replacing Plastic with Paper: From the Perspective of Polymer Science

关键词:  以纸代塑  纸基材料  多级结构  加工成形

Key Words:replacing plastic with paper  paper-based materials  multi-level structure  processing

摘要:木质生物质是地球上最丰富的天然高分子资源，基于木质生物质的纸基材料在可再生性、可降解性、性价比、产业规模等方面具有显著优势，展现出作为塑料替代材料的潜力。但“以纸代塑”在加工成形及其制品性能方面仍面临着重大挑战。本文从高分子科学的角度，分析纸基材料与塑料制品在分子运动与转变、材料多级结构等方面的共性与差异，进一步梳理“以纸代塑”面临挑战的底层逻辑，并探讨了相应解决策略。

Abstract:Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant natural polymer resource on earth. Paper-based materials that originated from lignocellulosic biomass have significant advantages in the aspects of renewability， degradability， cost-effectiveness， industrial scale and so on， showing the potential as a plastics substitute. However， replacing plastic with paper still faces major challenges in processing as well as the product performance. From the perspective of polymer science， the similarities and differences between paper-based materials and plastic products in terms of molecular movement and transformation， multi-level structure of materials were analyzed in this paper. The underlying logic of these challenges was further analyzed， and the corresponding solutions were also ultimately discussed.