制浆造纸行业温室气体排放核算标准与方法浅析

Analysis on Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards and Accounting Methods in Pulp and Paper Industry

关键词:  制浆造纸  碳排放  碳减排  标准体系  碳核算  生命周期评价

Key Words:pulping and papermaking  carbon emission  carbon reduction  standard system  carbon accounting  life cycle assessment

摘要:本文首先分析了国际上关于温室气体排放核算的相关标准，提出目前适用于制浆造纸行业的碳排放核算方法，主要包括排放因子法与生命周期评价法。排放因子法主要是从组织层面对制浆造纸过程中的碳排放进行量化，其计算核心是活动水平×排放因子；而生命周期评价法是从产品层面研究纸产品从“摇篮到大门”或“从摇篮到坟墓”的生命周期分析方法，主要包括目标与范围定义、生命周期清单分析、生命周期影响评价、结果阐释等。

Abstract:The international standards on GHG emissions accounting were analyzed firstly in this paper， the current carbon accounting methods applicable to the pulp and paper industry were proposed， including emission factor method and life cycle evaluation method. Emission factor method quantified carbon emissions from the pulp and paper process mainly at the organizational level， and the core of its calculation was activity level multiplied by emission factor. Life cycle evaluation method was a life cycle analysis method to study paper products from cradle to gate or cradle to grave from product level， including definition of objectives and scope， life cycle inventory analysis， life cycle impact evaluation， interpretation of results， etc.