纤维素基气凝胶制备及其超疏水改性研究进展

Research Progress of Fabrication of Cellulose-based Aerogel and Its Superhydrophobic Modification

关键词:  纤维素  气凝胶  疏水改性  油水分离

Key Words:cellulose  aerogel  hydrophobic modification  oil-water separation

摘要:随着工业化快速发展对能源需求的急剧增加，海上输油管线的泄露溢油和工业有机废水处理故障风险提高，溢油和工业有机废水泄露给海洋水体生态系统带来了巨大危害。为了应对这一海洋生态风险，开发绿色环保、低成本、高效的原油和有机污染物清除方法和材料意义重大。采用吸附材料处理有机污染物被认为是有效的方法之一。纤维素基气凝胶具有轻质、多孔、可生物降解和环境友好等特点，对其进行超疏水改性并应用于吸附处理原油和有机污染物泄露事故，具有较好的应用前景。本文综述了纤维素基气凝胶的制备及其疏水改性方法与试剂，并对纤维素基超疏水气凝胶材料的发展进行了展望。

Abstract:With the rapid development of industrialization， the risk of oil spill from offshore oil pipeline and the failure of industrial organic wastewater treatment are increased. Oil spills and industrial organic wastewater leaks bring great harm to marine water ecosystems. To cope with this marine ecological risk， it is significant to develop green， low-cost and efficient methods and materials for the removal of crude oil and organic pollutants. The use of adsorbent materials to treat organic pollutants is considered as one of the effective methods. Cellulose-based aerogels with the characters of lightweight， porous， biodegradable and environmentally friendly， have good application prospects for their superhydrophobic modification for adsorption treatment of crude oil and organic pollutant spills. This paper reviewed the preparation of cellulose-based aerogels and their hydrophobic modification methods and reagents， and provided an outlook on the development of cellulose-based superhydrophobic aerogel materials.