碱/尿素预处理的纤维素纤维塑化改性处理研究

Study on Plasticizing Modification Treatment of Cellulose Fibers by Alkali/Urea Pretreatment

关键词:  纤维素  碱/尿素体系  塑化  甲酰胺

Key Words:cellulose  alkali/urea system  plasticization  formamide

摘要:本研究采用碱/尿素体系在不同温度下分别对阔叶木浆、针叶木浆和竹浆纤维进行润胀预处理，并通过四因素三水平正交实验，探究了甘油、甲酰胺和柠檬酸三乙酯3种塑化剂在不同塑化温度、塑化剂质量分数及塑化时间下对纤维的塑化改性效果。结果表明，在10 ℃下，碱/尿素体系预处理的针叶木浆纤维具有最高的润胀程度，有利于进一步塑化改性处理；本实验的最佳塑化改性处理条件为：甲酰胺质量分数30%，塑化温度25 ℃，塑化时间5 h。在该条件下制备的塑化纤维有望在特定领域作为塑料的替代材料。

Abstract:In this study， the alkali/urea system was firstly used for the wetting and swelling pretreatment of softwood pulp， hardwood pulp and bamboo pulp fibers at different temperatures， respectively. The plasticizing effects of three plasticizers， namely， glycerol， formamide and triethyl citrate， were investigated at different temperatures， concentrations and times by designing a four-factor， three-level orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the softwood pulp pretreated at 10 ℃ had the highest degree of wetting and swelling， which was conducive to further plasticizing and modifying treatment. The optimum plasticization condition was selected by using formamide as the plasticizer at 30% of plasticizer concentration and 25 ℃ for 5 h. The prepared plasticized fibers are expected to be used as alternative materials to plastics in specific areas.