电纺木质素基磁性碳纳米纤维的制备及其电磁屏蔽应用

Lignin-based Electrospun Magnetic Carbon Nanofibers and Their Application for Electromagnetic Shielding

关键词:  静电纺丝  木质素  碳化  碳纳米纤维  电磁屏蔽

Key Words:electrospinning  lignin  carbonization  carbon nanofiber  electromagnetic shielding

摘要:本研究以碱木质素（AL）和聚丙烯腈（PAN）为原料，通过预掺杂FeNi金属盐前驱体，利用静电纺丝和高温碳化工艺，制备出具有优异电磁屏蔽效能的电纺木质素基磁性碳纳米纤维（FeNi@LCNF）。结果表明，最佳电纺纤维的AL用量为50%，且当FeNi的负载量为17.3%时，FeNi@LCNF-2呈现良好的导电性和铁磁性；在铁镍元素的催化下，碳化后的电纺纤维表面具有众多“荆棘状”碳纳米管，促进了碳纤维材料的多孔导电网络和异质结构形成，进而赋予FeNi@LCNF-2较高的电导率（8.11 S/cm），使其在X波段内具有38.0 dB的电磁屏蔽效能。

Abstract:In this study， the alkali lignin （AL） and polyacrylonitrile （PAN） were used as raw materials to prepare lignin-based magnetic carbon nanofibers （FeNi@LCNF） with great electromagnetic shielding effectiveness （EMI SE）， and its preparation process consisted of pre-doping of Fe and Ni precursors， electrospinning， and carbonization processes. The results showed that when the AL dosage was 50%， the electrospun fiber was optimal. When the FeNi loading capacity was 17.3%， the as-prepared FeNi@LCNF-2 exhibited high electrical conductivity and ferromagnetism. In addition， under the catalysis of Fe and Ni elements， numerous “thorn-like” carbon nanotubes in-situ grew on the surfaces of the carbon nanofibers， which further promoted the formation of porous conductive network and heterostructure of the carbon fiber material， thus endowed high conductivity （8.11 S/cm） of FeNi@LCNF-2 and 38 dB of EMI SE in the X-band.