木质纤维生物质组分新型分离方法的研究进展

Research Progress of Novel Fractionation Methods of Lignocellulosic Biomass Components

关键词:  木质纤维生物质  纤维素  半纤维素  木质素  组分分离

Key Words:lignocellulosic biomass  cellulose  hemicellulose  lignin  components fractionation

摘要:木质纤维生物质是地球上最丰富的可再生资源，被认为是最有希望的化石资源替代物。如何有效地将木质纤维原料转化生物材料、化学品和生物燃料等高值产品是科技工作者一直研究的热点课题。探索高效绿色的分离技术，将木质纤维生物质分解为易于转化的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素，是实现木质纤维资源高值化、多元化利用的关键。本文旨在介绍木质纤维生物质全组分分离工艺的研究进展，重点介绍4种新型的组分分离方法，包括有机溶剂法、离子液体法、低共熔溶剂法，以及“木质素优先”策略下催化分离法，探讨了上述新型分离方法的发展现状和产业化过程中面临的挑战，并展望了其未来发展的前景。

Abstract:Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant renewable resource on the earth， which is widely considered to be the most promising alternative to fossil resources. How to effectively convert lignocellulosic materials into products such as biomaterials， chemicals and biofuels has always been a hot topic for scientific and technological workers. Exploring efficient separation technology to breek down lignocellulosic biomass into cellulose， hemicellulose， and lignin which are easy to convert is the key for achieving high-value and diversified utilization of lignocellulosic resources. The purpose of this paper was to introduce the research progress of the whole component separation of lignocellulosic biomass components， focusing on four kinds of novel component separation methods， including organic solvent method， ionic liquid method， deep eutectic solvent method and catalytic separation method under the “lignin priority” strategy. The development status of these new separation methods and the challenges faced in the industrialization process were discussed， and the future development prospects were prospected.