基于卫星图像的厂区尺度温室气体排放核算模型：以制浆造纸企业为例

Satellite Imagery-Based Greenhouse Gas Emission Accounting Model at the Factory Scale: A Case Study of Pulp and Paper Enterprises

关键词:  卫星图像  机器学习  厂区尺度  温室气体排放  制浆造纸企业

Key Words:Satellite imagery  machine learning  factory scale  greenhouse gas emissions  pulp and paper enterprises.

摘要:实现厂区尺度的温室气体排放核算，能为制定行业节能减排政策提供数据支持。常用的排放因子法依赖企业能耗数据计算，但由于企业能耗数据收集的困难性，难以实现大规模的企业温室气体排放核算。卫星图像能够覆盖广阔的地理区域，提供稳定的观测数据，帮助识别厂区内的各类设施和活动，有助于分析行业内企业的温室气体排放分布，揭示高排放和低排放企业的特征，为实现厂区尺度的碳排放核算提供了一种新思路。本研究以制浆造纸工业为例，融合了卫星图像和机器学习方法，构建了厂区尺度的温室气体排放核算模型，对全国112家重点排放造纸企业进行了厂区尺度的温室气体排放核算，结果表明重点排放单位之间温室气体排放差异较大，最小排放量为4.45万吨当量CO2，最大排放量达到426.01万吨当量CO2。

Abstract:The implementation of greenhouse gas emission accounting on the plant scale can provide data support for formulating industry energy conservation and emission reduction policies. The commonly used emission factor method relies on enterprise energy consumption data for calculation. However, due to the difficulty in collecting enterprise energy consumption data, it is challenging to achieve large-scale greenhouse gas emission accounting for enterprises.Satellite images can cover extensive geographical areas and provide stable observational data, which helps to identify various facilities and activities within the plant area, contributes to analyzing the distribution of greenhouse gas emissions of enterprises in the industry, and reveals the characteristics of high-emission and low-emission enterprises, thus offering a new approach to realizing greenhouse gas emission accounting on the plant scale.Taking the pulp and paper industry as an example, this study integrated satellite images and machine learning methods to construct a greenhouse gas emission accounting model on the plant scale. It then conducted greenhouse gas emission accounting on the plant scale for 112 key emitting paper-making enterprises across the country. The results indicate that there are significant differences in greenhouse gas emissions among key emitting units, with the minimum emission being 44,500 tons of equivalent CO? and the maximum emission reaching 4,260,100 tons of equivalent CO?.