加压雾化硼砂用于纸张脱酸修复的研究

Pressurized atomized borax for paper deacidification and restoration

关键词:  加压雾化  硼砂  微米级颗粒  温和脱酸

Key Words:Pressurized atomization  borax  micron-scale particles  mild deacidification

摘要:随着时间的推移，纸质文献会发生酸化老化，及时的脱酸处理对于古籍和文物保护至关重要。本研究利用加压雾化硼砂对文献进行脱酸处理，以实现纸质文献的持久保护。首先，通过加压雾化的方法将硼砂转化为微米级颗粒，然后作为脱酸剂应用于纸样脱酸处理。重点研究了脱酸时间、硼砂浓度和气压大小对纸张脱酸效果的影响规律。研究结果表明，在脱酸时间为48 min、硼砂浓度为10 g/L、通入气压大小为0.75 kg/cm2的条件下，处理后的纸张pH值从3.84提高到7.61，纸张的裂断长和撕裂指数分别由原来的1.26 km和2.10 mN·m2·g?1上升到了1.46 km和2.65 mN·m2·g?1。同时，扫描电镜（SEM）观察显示，脱酸处理后纸张纤维表面变得更加光滑。由于雾化颗粒能够长时间悬浮在空气中，该方法在纸张的大批量脱酸上也有一定的应用前景。综上，本研究开发出了一种通过加压雾化硼砂的方式对纸质文献进行脱酸修复的实用方法，为保护纸张文献提供了新思路。

Abstract:Paper documents will be acidified and aged over time, timely deacidification is crucial for ancient books and artifacts. In the present work, a novel method was developed to protect paper documents by using pressurized atomized borax. The borax was converted into micron-sized particles via pressurized atomization process, which subsequently acted as deacidification agent for paper restoration. The effects of the treatment time, borax concentration and air pressure on the effect of paper samples were investigated. The results showed that the treated paper sample exhibited an increase from 3.84 to 7.61 in pH value. Furthermore, the breaking length and tear index of the paper sample increased from 1.26 km and 2.10 mN·m2·g?1 to 1.46 km and 2.65 mN·m2·g?1 respectively. At the same time, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation indicated that the surface of paper fibers became smoother after deacidification. Since the atomized particles can be suspended in the air for a long time, this method holds a certain application prospect in the high-volume deacidification of paper. In conclusion, this study developed a practical method for deacidification and repair of paper documents by pressurized atomization of borax, which provided a new idea for the protection of paper documents.