碳纤维两亲改性及其炭纸性能研究

Amphiphilic Surface Modification of Carbon Fibers and Its Effect on the Properties of Carbon Papers

关键词:  燃料电池  炭纸  两亲改性  界面结合  拉伸强度

Key Words:fuel cell  carbon paper  amphiphilic modification  interfacial bonding  tensile strength

摘要:利用臭氧改性耦合酯化反应制备了两亲改性碳纤维，采用 SEM、XPS 及 FT-IR 等表征手段系统分析了氧化时间和正辛醇含量对碳纤维表面结构与化学性质的影响，并以其为原料制备炭纸，对其性能进行了系统测试。结果表明，两亲改性在保证碳纤维分散均匀性的同时，有效增强了纤维与树脂之间的界面结合强度。在氧化时间为 45 min、正辛醇含量为 80% 的条件下，所制备炭纸的厚度为 197 μm，平面方向电阻率为 12.2 mΩ·cm，透气率为 228.9 mL·mm/(cm²·h·Pa)，其中拉伸强度达到 26.2 MPa，较单一亲水改性炭纸提高了 28.5%。

Abstract:Amphiphilic modified carbon fibers were prepared via ozone oxidation coupled with an esterification reaction. The effects of oxidation time and n-octanol content on the surface structure and chemical properties of carbon fibers were systematically investigated using SEM, XPS, and FT-IR characterization techniques. Carbon papers were subsequently fabricated using the modified fibers as precursors, and their performance was comprehensively evaluated. The results indicate that amphiphilic modification maintains uniform fiber dispersion while effectively enhancing the interfacial bonding strength between carbon fibers and resin. Under the optimal conditions of 45 min oxidation time and 80% n-octanol content, the resulting carbon paper exhibited a thickness of 197 μm, an in-plane electrical resistivity of 12.2 mΩ·cm, and an air permeability of 228.9 mL·mm/(cm²·h·Pa). Notably, the tensile strength reached 26.2 MPa, representing a 28.5% improvement compared with carbon paper prepared using solely hydrophilic modification.