棕榈叶纤维素纳米晶体的制备与表征

Extraction and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystal from Palm Leaves (Trachycarpus Fortunei)

关键词:  棕榈叶  纤维素纳米晶体  脱木质素  酸水解

Key Words:palm leaves  cellulose nanocrystal  delignification  acid hydrolysis

摘要:本研究以棕榈叶为原料，运用化学处理结合酸水解法制备纤维素纳米晶体（cellulose nanocrystal，CNC），并对其进行分析表征。首先，通过亚氯酸钠处理和碱处理，从棕榈叶中提取出纤维素纤维；然后，利用浓硫酸水解提取出的纤维素纤维来制备CNC。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、热重分析仪（TG）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及透射电子显微镜（TEM）等对棕榈叶CNC的微观形貌和化学组成进行表征。结果表明，经过化学处理，棕榈叶中的非纤维素成分（即木质素和半纤维素）被成功去除；经酸水解处理后，成功分离出棒状CNC；棕榈叶CNC的得率达23.1%；所提取的CNC结晶度为75%，平均长径比为18。

Abstract:In this study， palm leaves were utilized as raw materials to prepare cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) through a combination of chemical treatment and acid hydrolysis, followed by analysis and characterization. Firstly, cellulose fibers were extracted from palm leaves via sodium chlorite treatment and alkaline treatment. Subsequently, the extracted cellulose fibers were hydrolyzed using concentrated sulfuric acid to produce CNC. The microscopic morphology and chemical composition of the palm leaf fibers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that non-cellulosic components (lignin and hemicellulose) in the palm leaves were successfully removed through chemical treatment. After acid hydrolysis, rod-shaped CNC were successfully isolated. The yield of cellulose fibers from palm leaves reached 23.1%. The extracted CNC exhibited a crystallinity of 75% and an average aspect ratio of 18.