抗菌水凝胶的设计策略与作用机制研究现状与趋势

Research Status and Trends in Design Strategies and Mechanisms of Action for Antimicrobial Hydrogels

关键词:  水凝胶  结构设计  抗菌机制  聚合物  无机材料

Key Words:hydrogel  structural design  antibacterial mechanism  polymer  inorganic material

摘要:本文系统综述了提高水凝胶抗菌性能的设计策略，分析了抗菌水凝胶的物理/化学交联成型机理，介绍了天然聚合物（如壳聚糖、明胶等）、人工合成聚合物（如N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、丙烯酰胺等）以及负载无机材料（如金属及其氧化物、碳材料）抗菌水凝胶的抗菌机制，阐述了协同多种抗菌机制来增强水凝胶抗菌性的未来发展趋势。

Abstract:This paper systematically reviewed design strategies to enhance the antibacterial performance of hydrogels， analyzed the physical/chemical crosslinking mechanisms underlying their formation， and introduced antibacterial mechanisms of hydrogels incorporating natural polymers (such as chitosan， gelatin)， synthetic polymers (such as N-isopropylacrylamide， acrylamide), and inorganic materials (such as metals and their oxides， carbon materials). It proposed synergistic combinations of multiple antimicrobial mechanisms as a future trend for enhancing hydrogel antibacterial properties.