多元层状双羟基金属复合氧化物用作阻燃填料制备阻燃纸

Manufacture of Flame Retardant Paper with Multiple-element Layered Double Hydroxides (LDHs) as Filler

关键词:  层状双羟基金属复合氧化物（LDHs）  阻燃填料  阻燃纸  浆内添加

Key Words:LDHs  flame retardant  FR Paper  added in the pulp

摘要:以氯化镁(MgCl₂·6H₂O)、氯化铝(AlCl₃·6H₂O)、氯化锌(ZnCl₂·6H₂O)、氯化铁(FeCl₃·6H₂O)和碳酸钠(Na₂CO₃)为原料，采用共沉淀法制备了双羟基金属复合氧化物（LDHs，又称水滑石），包括二元Mg-Al-CO₂-3-LDHs、三元Mg-Al-Zn-CO₂-3-LDHs和四元Mg-Al-Zn-Fe-CO₂-3-LDHs；将LDHs作为阻燃填料，用浆内添加法制备了一系列新型阻燃纸；通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、力学性能、燃烧性能等测试对LDHs和阻燃纸进行了表征。结果表明，采用多元LDHs作为阻燃填料所制备的阻燃纸，阻燃性能得到了明显改善，而且随着LDHs元素的增多，其阻燃性能更好。当三元Mg-Al-Zn-CO₂-3-LDHs用量为30%时，阻燃纸可达到难燃级，氧指数达到25.3%。当四元Mg-Al-Zn-Fe-CO₂-3-LDHs用量25%时，阻燃纸即可达到难燃级，氧指数高于25.0%；当四元-Al-Zn-Fe-CO₂-3-LDHs用量30%时，阻燃纸的续燃时间为5 s，灼燃时间为30 s，炭化长度为95 mm，阻燃纸达到GB/T14656—2009的要求。

Abstract:Two-element Mg-Al-CO₂-3-LDHs, three-element Mg-Al-Zn-CO₂-3-LDHs and four-element Mg-Al-Zn-Fe-CO₂-3-LDHs were prepared through coprecipitation by using self-made reactor with MgCl₂·6H₂O、AlCl₃·6H₂O、 ZnCl₂·6H₂O、FeCl₃·6H₂O、Na₂CO₃ as raw material and were added into the pulp to prepared a series of neotype LDHs flame retardant (FR) papers. The LDHs were characterized with FT-IR and the mechanical properties and combustibility of the FR papers were tested. The results showed that the flame retardant property of the FR papers improved when multiple-element LDHs were added. The four-element Mg-Al-Zn-Fe-CO₂-3-LDHs possessed better flame retardant capability than the three-element Mg-Al-Zn-CO₂-3-LDHs, and the two-element Mg-Al- CO₂-3-LDHs in turn. The IO of FR paper reached 25.3% with adding 30% three-element Mg-Al-Zn-CO₂-3-LDHs and reached 25.0% when 25% four-element Mg-Al-Zn-Fe-CO₂-3-LDHs was added. The FR papers met the demand of GB/T 14656—2009 with flaming lasted 5 s , glowing lasted 30 s and 95 mm of char when 30% four-element Mg-Al-Zn-Fe-CO₂-3-LDHs was added.