NaOH-尿素体系中纤维素季铵盐衍生物的均相合成与表征

Homogeneous Synthesis and Characterization of Quaternized Cellulose Derivative in Sodium Hydroxide-urea Aqueous Solution

关键词:  纤维素  NaOH-尿素体系  纤维素季铵盐  均相合成

Key Words:cellulose  sodium hydroxide-urea solution  quaternized cellulose  homogeneous synthesis

摘要:在NaOH-尿素体系中,以3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(CHPAC)为醚化剂,纤维素本体为原料,均相合成了纤维素季铵盐衍生物(QC)。以QC中季铵盐的取代度作为考核标准,探讨了QC在合成过程中的影响因素,并优化出最佳合成条件: 反应温度25℃,纤维素浓度3%(以纤维素在NaOH-尿素中的质量分数计),醚化剂用量15∶1(以CHPAC与葡萄糖糖苷元的摩尔比计),反应时间12 h。利用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、氢核磁共振光谱(1H-NMR)、热重分析仪(TGA)和X射线衍射分析仪(XRD)对QC的化学结构及物理性能进行表征。

Abstract:Quaternized cellulose derivatives (QC) was homogeneously synthesized by using cellulose as raw material and 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride as etherization agent in NaOH-urea green aqueous solutions. Using DS values of quaternary ammonium group in QC chemical structure as evaluation criterion, the synthetic conditions for QC derivatives were optimized, which were listed as the followings: reaction temperature 25℃, the concentration of cellulose in NaOH-urea solution 3%, molar ratio for etherification agent to glycosidic cellulose 15∶1, reaction time 12 h. The chemical structure of the QCs was characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR techniques. The results of TGA and XRD analysis showed that the crystalline structure of cellulose was destroyed in etherification process, and the thermal stability of QC was lower than that of cellulose.