摘要
以废弃的毛竹枝桠材为原料进行间歇三段乙醇-水抽提,从各段抽提液中回收多糖、溶剂和木素,考察了第一段抽提温度对主产品(多糖)和副产品(木素、纸浆)指标的影响。结果表明,乙醇-水抽提法进行组分分离是可行的,在保温温度为一段170℃、二段145℃、三段120℃,保温时间依次为2.5、1.0、0.5 h,每段液比1∶10和乙醇体积分数为65%的条件下,粗糖总得率25.12%,含少量杂质,略高于原料聚戊糖含量24.86%;精制糖总得率22.26%,其中寡木糖(DP2-DP7)占比59.09%;抽提所得木素占原料总木素的48.04%;细浆得率49.59%。离子色谱和纸浆纤维形态以及成纸性能分析表明,在170~180℃范围内,一段保温温度升高对粗糖、精制糖和木素的得率影响不大,但会导致寡木糖得率、纸浆得率及纸浆强度的下降;乙醇-水抽提法所得纸浆杂细胞含量高且强度较低,可筛分后与优质浆进行配抄使用。
我国竹类资源丰富,近些年竹子的高值化利
利用竹材聚木糖含量高的特点,本研究探索了从竹子枝桠材提取多糖实现组分分离和高值化利用的新技术。该技术以乙醇为溶剂,抽提竹子枝桠材得到多糖(主产品)、纸浆和木素(副产品),研究了多糖的组分及含量,重点研究了多糖中寡木糖的含量,对纤维形态及其应用进行了分析评价。同时由于乙醇作为抽提溶剂可回收并重复利用,因此生产过程几乎没有废水、废渣产生,是一种绿色环保技
凯赛纸页快速成型器,中国制浆造纸研究院有限公司;Frank PTI卧式拉力机,德国Frank公司;Frank PTI撕裂度仪,德国Frank公司;电脑测控耐折度仪,四川长江造纸仪器有限公司;智能式数字白度仪,温州百恩仪器有限公司;纤维质量分析仪,美卓公司FS300;生物显微镜,德国徕卡显微系统公司;旋转蒸发仪,上海申生科技有限公司;离子色谱仪,美国戴安公司;高速离心机,上海卢湘仪离心机仪器有限公司。
将毛竹枝桠材切至长度30~50 mm,进行乙醇-水抽提,为防止单段抽提的剧烈条件使多糖过度的降解与转化,采用三段抽提技术以缓和抽提条件和增加分离效
第一段:改变保温温度,保温时间2.5 h;第二段:保温温度145℃,保温时间1.0 h;第三段:保温温度120℃,保温时间0.5 h。每段抽提固定液比1∶10、乙醇体积分数65%。
将各段抽提废液密封静置24 h,木素析出后沉淀,过滤后在真空干燥箱80℃下干燥。滤液用旋转蒸发器蒸发出3/4左右以回收溶剂,冷冻干燥得到粗多糖。精确称量0.5000 g粗多糖,蒸馏水溶解并定容到100 mL,移至锥形瓶加入15 g活性
三段细浆用PFI磨打浆至4
毛竹枝桠材组分分析结果如
三段抽提主副产品得率如
*产品得率相对于绝干原料;**木素提取率相对于原料木素。
从
本研究以乙醇-水溶液为抽提溶剂,采用三段抽提技术处理毛竹枝桠材,考察了抽提条件对粗糖、纸浆、木素的得率、精制糖中寡木糖含量、纤维形态及纸浆强度等指标的影响。
3.1 毛竹枝桠材采用乙醇-水三段抽提技术实现组分分离是可行的,提取出高价值多糖的同时可得到纸浆、木素等副产品。在保温温度为一段170℃、二段145℃、三段120℃,保温时间依次为2.5、1.0、0.5 h,每段液比1∶10和乙醇体积分数为65%的条件下,粗糖总得率25.12%,含少量杂质;精制糖总得率22.26%,其中高附加值的寡木糖(DP2-DP7)占比约59%;木素提取率48.04%;细浆得率49.59%。
3.2 一段处理温度在170~180℃范围内,升高温度对粗糖、精制糖和木素的得率影响不大,但会降低精制糖中寡木糖含量,也会降低纸浆得率,且纸浆强度变差。
3.3 竹子枝桠材进行乙醇-水法组分分离所得纸浆杂细胞含量高而纸浆强度较低,可筛分后与优质浆进行配抄使用。
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