摘要
再生资源高效利用是生态文明建设的重要方式。回用纤维以其低消耗、低污染的优点,近年来在制浆造纸行业中受到广泛关注。本文简述了回用纤维在生活用纸中应用存在的问题及解决措施,展望了回用纤维在生产生活用纸中的发展前景。
生活用纸是日常生活中用于卫生或清洁的纸制品,包括但不限于卫生纸、餐巾纸、面巾纸、厨房用纸等。这些产品以其方便、卫生的特性成为不可或缺的一部分。生活用纸的质量、实用性和生产方式对环境、资源的可持续发展和利用,以及人类生活的舒适度和健康有着直接的影
近年来,我国生活用纸市场保持持续增长,产能、产量、消费量、人均消费量等均实现了较高的年均复合增长。据文献报
生活用纸是造纸行业中的三大纸制品之一。生活用纸原料的发展反映了人类对环境保护、资源可持续利用,以及产量质量提升的不断追求。最初,生活用纸主要采用原生木浆为原料。然而,随着环境保护意识的增强和对森林资源的保护,人们开始寻求更多的替代纤维,以减少对自然森林的破坏;之后非木材纤维被发掘和应用,包括竹浆、稻草、甘蔗
回用纤维的回用,即利用回收的废纸生产新的纸张,是当前纸制品行业节约资源的重要策略。尽管回用纤维的使用带来了显著的环境和经济效益,但其回用过程面临着一系列问题和挑
在生活用纸的制造过程中,部分厂家为了降低生产成本,大量使用回用纤维。如美国Cascades使用纸板生产出浅色系生活用
回用纤维回收再利用的主要问题是纤维角质化。角质化是指在经历反复润胀-干燥过程后,纤维发生不可逆变化的过
在回用纤维中,混合办公废纸因其数量大、质量好、价格低而备受欢

图 1 SEM图:未脱墨(a)(b)和经过脱墨处理(c)(d)的纸浆
Fig. 1 SEM images of pulps: (a) (b) undeinking; (c) (d) deinking
随着人们生活水平的提高,生活用纸的需求不断增加,对生活用纸产品的质量和性能要求也越来越高。因此,无论是用植物纤维还是回用纤维生产的生活用纸,保证产品质量是制造商面临的重要挑战。本文主要从柔软度、吸水性、强度
柔软度通常被视为衡量生活用纸质量的关键指标,也是生活用纸产品的关键消费属性。目前,提高柔软度的方法主要包括起皱、调整纤维配比、添加柔软剂、生物酶处理
起皱技

图 2 超声波辅助纤维素酶处理对竹浆纤维的作用原
Fig. 2 Principle analysis of bamboo pulp fiber treated with ultrasonic action assisted cellulas
另外,造纸生产过程中还可以通过添加柔软剂来提高柔软度。柔软剂的使用方式主要有浆内添加和表面喷涂2
使用生活用纸时有时面临潮湿环境,所以吸水性也是其重要的指标之一,也会成为消费者选择的差异化因素。生活用纸的吸水性主要取决于所用纤维的吸水性能和纤维之间的孔隙
压花是通过施加局部压力对原纸表面进行变形,增加生活用纸的厚度和体积,来提升吸水性的方法。孙海
合理控制打浆度也可以改善生活用纸的吸水性能。打浆使纤维中的羟基暴露,增大细纤维化程度和纤维分丝帚化程度,使纤维更易横向切断,产生更多新的纤维壁腔端口,对胞腔通过毛细管力吸水产生一定的积极作用,从而提升纤维的吸水
在造纸生产中,荧光增白剂被广泛用作添加剂以改善纸产品的白度。荧光增白剂是一种有毒致癌物质,用含有荧光增白剂的废纸生产生活用纸,会危害人体健
为应对气候变化,世界各国纷纷制定“碳中和”时间表,这意味着世界各国将加大对森林的保护,减少树木的砍伐。低碳循环绿色生产将是生活用纸制造业发展的必由之
生活用纸作为日常生活中的必需品,在激烈的市场竞争中,不断改善生产方式和提高商品质量是企业需要充分考虑的。回用纤维在生活用纸中的应用具有重要的时代意义和实际价值。但随着国家双碳目标发展战略的推进,传统植物纤维的利用也面临着从生态和技术上的双重挑战,使用回用纤维在生活用纸生产中的应用虽然具有充分的可行性,但仍需要对改善回用纤维品质方面进行更深刻的研究,来保证回用纤维的性能、产品的质量和经济效益。同时,随着可持续发展理念的深入人心,未来生活用纸企业需要更加坚定不移地追求技术进步和科技创新,不断改进和优化生活用纸生产工艺的新技术新方法,将回用纤维升级为适用于生活用纸制造的高质量纸浆,不仅满足市场对生活用纸的需求,并且实现生活用纸的绿色转型和高质量发展。
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