故宫藏女朝冠中纸张科学分析与功用探究

Scientific Analysis and Functional of the Female Crown from the Palace Museum

关键词:  朝冠  纸胎  织银锦  金银箔  纸垫片  缠裹垫衬

Key Words:crown  chartaceous support  woven silver brocade  gold foil  paper gasket  wrapping cushion

摘要:在修复故宫博物院藏故60070号女夏朝冠过程中，发现多处使用纸张作为材料。本研究选取朝冠上8处不同位置所用纸张作为样品，在伦华XWY-Ⅷ 造纸纺织联用纤维分析仪下观察纤维形态，对样品所用纸张原料进行分析。结果表明，所用纸张种类分别为有皮竹草混料纸、麻纸、皮草混料纸、竹纸以及皮纸。根据纸张所用位置可将其分为内部支撑用、金银箔用纸衬、缠裹垫衬用3类。对其进行X射线CT扫描，进一步探析纸张作为内部支撑材料所应用的位置。并结合各类纸张特性，通过与相关文献对比，对不同种类纸张的功用进行讨论，以探析纸张在清宫冠帽类文物中的应用。

Abstract:In the restoration process of the No. 60070 female crown in the Palace Museum， paper was found to be used as the material in many places. In this paper， 8 different positions were select as samples. The paper raw material used in the samples were analyzed by Lunhua XWY-VIII paper and textile fiber analyze. Various types of paper were found to be used， including leather bamboo grass paper， hemp paper， fur paper， bamboo paper， and vellum paper. According to the position of the paper used， it could be divided into three categories： support， gold and silver foil paper lining， wrapping pad lining. X-ray CT scanning experiments were carried out to further investigate the positioning of paper as an internal support material. By combining the characteristics of various types of paper and comparing them with relevant literature， the different functions of the paper in different positions of the crown were discussed. And the application of paper in the crown and hat relics in the Qing Dynasty Palace was explored.