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溶剂法木质素的多元醇改性与聚氨酯硬质泡沫制备 |
Chemical Modification of Organosolv Lignin into Polyol and Preparation of Polyurethane Rigid Foam |
收稿日期:2024-06-10 |
DOI:10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2024.12.002 |
关键词: 溶剂法木质素 聚氨酯泡沫 多元醇 压缩强度 |
Key Words:organosolv lignin polyurethane foam polyols compressive strength |
基金项目:齐鲁工业大学科教产融合基金(2023PYI008)。 |
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摘要:本研究开展了溶剂法木质素的化学改性和木质素基多元醇的合成,以及聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备,对溶剂法木质素进行结构表征,对改性合成的木质素基多元醇进行黏度、酸值、羟值检测,对制备的含木质素的聚氨酯硬质泡沫进行导热系数、压缩强度、表观密度的检测。结果表明,木质素基多元醇的羟值为920 mg KOH/g、酸值为4.76 mg KOH/g。木质素基多元醇的黏度随温度升高而降低,25 ℃时黏度为15 832 mPa·s,80 ℃时黏度降低至3 057 mPa·s。异氰酸酯、发泡剂、表面活性剂用量均会对聚氨酯硬质泡沫的压缩强度产生影响,在最优配比下,制备的木质素基聚氨酯泡沫的压缩强度为370 kPa、密度为77 kg/m3、导热系数为0.037 1 W/(m·K)。通过调整酸值和催化剂用量,发泡时间可从320 s缩短至35 s。 |
Abstract:In this study, chemical modification of organosolv lignin was carried out to synthesize lignin-based polyols and then prepared polyurethane foam. The structure of organosolv lignin was characterized. The prepared lignin-based polyols were tested for viscosity, acid value, hydroxyl value. The thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and apparent density of the synthesized bio-based foam were tested. The results showed that the hydroxyl value of lignin-based polyol was 920 mg KOH/g, and acid value was 4.76 mg KOH/g. Viscosity of lignin polyols decreased with temperature. Viscosity reduced from 15 832 mPa·s at 25 ℃ to 3 057 mPa·s at 80 ℃. The amount of isocyanate, foaming agent, and surfactant all affected compressive strength of polyurethane foam. Finally, the lignin-based polyurethane foam showed compressive strength of 370 kPa, density of 77 kg/m3, and thermal conductivity of 0.037 1 W/(m·K) under the optimal ratio. The foaming time was shortened from 320 s to 35 s by adjusting the acid value or catalyst dosage. |
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