苎麻、黄麻纤维结构对其机械性能的影响

Effects of the Structure of Ramie and Jute Fibers on Their Mechanical Properties

关键词:  苎麻纤维  黄麻纤维  纤维素  机械性能

Key Words:Ramie fibers  Jute fibers  cellulose  mechanical properties

摘要:本研究以不同产地的苎麻和黄麻纤维为研究对象，采用过氧化氢/冰醋酸脱木质素工艺，阐述了纤维长宽比、结晶度、氢键等与其机械性能的构效关系。结果表明，不同产地的苎麻纤维，其机械性能略有差异，抗拉强度相近，其中苎麻纤维（浙江）为(1 117.0±55.9) MPa、苎麻纤维（江西）为(1 222.0±61.1) MPa，但苎麻纤维（江西）具有更优异的弹性模量（(74.3±3.7) GPa）。相比苎麻纤维，黄麻纤维的抗拉强度与弹性模量均最小，分别为(139.0±7.0) MPa和(21.1±1.1) GPa，这是因为苎麻纤维具有更高的结晶度（>78%）、更强的氢键网络（>64%）、更高的长宽比（>1 900）。

Abstract:In this study， the structure-property relationships between fiber aspect ratio， crystallinity， hydrogen bonding， and mechanical properties were elucidated， focusing on Ramie and Jute fibers from different origins and employing the hydrogen peroxide/glacial acetic acid delignification process. The results showed that the mechanical properties of Ramie fibers varied slightly depending on their origin. There were similar tensile strengths of (1 117.0±55.9) MPa for Ramie fibers （Zhejiang province） and (1 222.0±61.1) MPa for Ramie fibers （Jiangxi province）， but a better elastic modulus （(74.3±3.7) GPa） of Ramie fibers （Jiangxi province）. Compared to Ramie fibers， Jute fibers had the smallest tensile strength and elastic modulus of (139.0±7.0) MPa and (21.1±1.1) GPa， respectively， which was attributed to the higher crystallinity （>78%）， stronger hydrogen bonding network （>64%）， and higher aspect ratio （>1 900） of Ramie fibers.