木质素基吸附剂的研究进展

Research Progress in the Preparation of Lignin-based Adsorbents

关键词:  木质素  吸附剂  重金属离子  工业废水  废水处理

Key Words:lignin  adsorbent  heavy metal ion  industrial wastewater  wastewater treatment

摘要:木质素是具有三维无定型结构的天然高分子聚合物，以木质素为原料制备的木质素基吸附剂是木质素增值利用的重要途径之一。通过改性、复合等手段制备的生物炭、微球、凝胶等类型木素基吸附剂在工业废水处理方面有着广泛的应用。本文综述了木质素纤维化处理、制备活性炭、磁化处理等未改性木质素基吸附剂，胺化、磺化、酯化、接枝、共聚等手段处理的改性木质素基吸附剂以及与壳聚糖、甲壳素、TiO₂、SiO₂等物质复合制备的木质素基复合材料吸附剂的研究进展，并对木素基吸附剂的应用前景进行了展望。

Abstract:Lignin is a highly aromatic hydrocarbon compound with a three-dimensional amorphous structure. The preparation of lignin-based adsorbents using lignin as raw material is one of the important ways of lignin value-added utilization. Biochar， microspheres， gels and other types of lignin-based adsorbents have been prepared through modification， compounding， etc. and have wide applications in industrial wastewater treatment. This article reviews the research progress of the unmodified lignin adsorbents such as lignin fibration， preparation of activated carbon， and magnetization， and the modified lignin-based adsorbents treated with amination， sulfonation， esterification， grafting， copolymerization， etc， as well as the composite lignin-based adsorbent materials prepared by compounding with of glycan， chitin， TiO₂， SiO₂ and other substances. Finally the potential application of lignin-based adsorbents are prospected.